Adult Emergent Literacy (LESLLA) Teaching Toolkit

Assessment: Short dictations provide opportunities for learners to succeed and see their own progress. Phonics: Have LESLLA learners write only the first sound or the final sound first. When they are ready, have them write out the whole word. This practice helps learners connect oral language with the written form. For phonics practice, accept inventive spelling. Learner Autonomy : Asking learners to prepare for short dictations allow them to see and work for an achievable goal. All these enhance learners' confidence, making them believe they can succeed. Patsy Vinogradov's LESLLA 2009 presentation slides "Balancing Top and Bottom: Learner-Generated Texts for Teaching Phonics" Reference: Liden, A., Poulos, A., & Vinogradov, P. (2008). Handout from TESOL conference presentation: Phonics and student-generated texts for emergent readers . New York City, NY.

Bingo is probably one of the most popular games used in language classrooms. It can be customized easily to serve different purposes. The original number bingo game can be used to practice listening to numbers. Bingo cards can also be made with a target sound (e.g., onset, final, vowels), and the game will become a phonics activity. Bingo provides learners with opportunities to practice reading print; it also helps learners associate sounds of the language with print. Phonics bingo cards (from https://myfreebingocards.com/school/reading/-ay-words)